Surya is the lord of Simha (Leo), one of the twelve constellations in the zodiac system of Hindu astrology. Surya is depicted with a Chakra, also interpreted as Dharmachakra. Surya was a primary deity in veneration by the characters of the Mahabharata and Ramayana, along with Shiva. In the Mahabharata and Ramayana, Surya is represented as the spiritual father of Rama and Karna (protagonists of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, respectively). Surya as a deity is also found in the arts and literature of Buddhism and Jainism. In some ancient texts and art, Surya is presented syncretically with Indra, Ganesha, and others.
During the medieval period, Surya was worshipped in tandem with Brahma during the day, Shiva at noon, and Vishnu in the evening. The iconography of Surya is often depicted riding a chariot harnessed by horses, often seven in number which represent the seven colours of visible light, and the seven days of the week. Other names of Surya in ancient Indian literature include Aditya, Arka, Bhanu, Savitr, Pushan, Ravi, Martanda, Mitra, Bhaskara, Prabhakara, Kathiravan, and Vivasvan. He is traditionally one of the major five deities in the Smarta tradition, all of whom are considered as equivalent deities in the Panchayatana puja and a means to realise Brahman.
Surya ( / ˈ s uː r j ə/ Sanskrit: सूर्य, IAST: Sūrya) is the sun as well as the solar deity in Hinduism.
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